Fundamental minerals of Igneous Petrology

This list of minerals is organized by ascending number of Oxygens.

Iron Oxides (3)
ilmenite FeTiO3
hematite Fe2O3 <-----> Fe6O9

Spinel (4)
spinel MgAl2O4
hercynite FeAl2O4 note: hercynite is relate to magnetite
chromite MgCr2O4
Ferritchromite FeCr2O4

magnetite Fe3O4 <-----> Fe608
ulvospinel Fe2TiO4

Olivine (4)
fosterite Mg2SiO4
fayalite Fe2SiO4

Pyroxene (6)
enstatite Mg2Si2O6 opx
ferrosilite Fe2Si2O6 opx
diopside CaMgSi2O6 cpx
hedenbergite CaFeSi2O6 cpx
Wollastinite Ca2Si2O6 cpx note: pyroxenoid

jadite NaAlSi2O6 note: high pressure, composition btwn Ab & Np
MgAl2SiO6

Feldspar (8)
Plagioclase
anorthite CaAl2Si2O8
albite NaAlSi3O8

Potassium Felspar
albite NaAlSi3O8
orthoclase KAlSi3O8

Mica (10) + (OH)
TRICK: remember from talc compositition
talc Mg3Si4O10(OH)

biotite KMg3AlSi3O10(OH)
phengite KMgAl2Si3O10(OH)
annite KFe3AlSi3O10(OH)

muscovite KAl3Si3O10(OH)

Garnet (12)
pyrope Mg3Al2Si3O12
almandine Fe3Al2Si3O12
grossular Ca3Al2Si3O12

grossularite Ca3AlFeSi3O12

Amphiboles (22) + 2(OH)
tremolite-actinolite Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2
cummingtonite Mg7Si8O22(OH)2

edenite NaCa2Mg5Si7AlO22(OH)2 hornblende
tschermakite Ca2Mg3Al2Si6Al2O22(OH)2 hornblende
pargasite NaCa2Mg4AlSi7Al2O22(OH)2 hornblende

glaucophane Na2Mg3Al2Si8O22(OH)2